Chainring

ABSTRACT

A solitary chainring of a bicycle front crankset for engaging a drive chain, including a plurality of teeth formed about a periphery of the chainring, the plurality of teeth consisting of an even number. The plurality of teeth includes a first group of teeth and a second group of teeth arranged alternatingly between the first group of teeth. The first group of teeth and the second group of teeth are equal in number. Each of the first and second group of teeth include an outboard side and an inboard side opposite the outboard side and each tooth of the first group of teeth includes at least a first protrusion on the outboard side thereof and each tooth of the second group of teeth are free of the first protrusions on the outboard side and the inboard side.

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.13/311,735, filed Dec. 6, 2011.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to chainrings, and more particularly, to asolitary chainring for use with a conventional chain in a bicycledrivetrain system including a bicycle crank.

Bicycles and other chain-driven vehicles typically employ one or morechainrings and a set of rear hub mounted sprockets connected by a chain.Various mechanisms are used to maintain the chain on the chainring andsprockets. These mechanisms include chain guards, chain tensioners,chain catchers, derailleur configurations and so on.

While riding a vehicle with a chain driven drivetrain, management of thechain and chainring engagement is particularly important to safe andeffective propulsion of the bicycle. Keeping the chain engaged with thechainring can be difficult, which is especially true of geared bicycleswhich can experience severe changes in chain tension, and energeticmotion of the chain, especially from riding over rough terrain.

Moreover, the chainring in any bicycle can potentially touch the chainstay of the bicycle frame when the crank is in a position where highloads are applied by the rider, causing an elastic deformation of thebicycle frame and the crankset. This can lead to damage to the frame andchainring and cause other problems.

The invention provides an enhanced drive chain management, especiallyfor a bicycle that can successfully and reliably be ridden over roughand challenging terrain.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention provides, in one aspect, a solitary chainring of a bicyclefront crankset for engaging a drive chain. The solitary chainring,wherein solitary means only one, includes a plurality of teeth formedabout a periphery of the chainring, the plurality of teeth consisting ofan even number. The plurality of teeth includes a first group of teethand a second group of teeth arranged alternatingly between the firstgroup of teeth. The first group of teeth and the second group of teethare equal in number. Each of the first and second group of teethincludes an outboard side and an inboard side opposite the outboardside. Each tooth of the first group of teeth includes at least a firstprotrusion on the outboard side thereof and each tooth of the secondgroup of teeth is free of protrusions.

The invention also provides a solitary chainring of a bicycle frontcrankset for engaging a drive chain, the drive chain includinginterleaved inner and outer links, the chainring including a pluralityof teeth formed about a periphery of the chainring, the plurality ofteeth consisting of an even number. The plurality of teeth includes afirst group of teeth and a second group of teeth arranged alternatinglybetween the first group of teeth. The first group of teeth and thesecond group of teeth are equal in number. Each of the first and secondgroup of teeth includes an outboard side and an inboard side oppositethe outboard side. Each of the outboard side and the inboard side ofeach of the second group of teeth defines a recess formed in thechainring along each of the second group of teeth.

The invention also contemplates a bicycle crankset including a bicyclecrank arm and a solitary chainring attached to the bicycle crank arm andengageable with a drive chain. The solitary chainring includes aplurality of teeth formed about a periphery of the chainring, theplurality of teeth consisting of an even number, the plurality of teethincluding a first group of teeth and a second group of teeth arrangedalternatingly between the first group of teeth. The first group of teethand the second group of teeth are equal in number. Each of the first andsecond group of teeth include an outboard side and an inboard sideopposite the outboard side. Each tooth of the first group of teethincludes at least a first protrusion on the outboard side thereof andeach tooth of the second group of teeth is free of the first protrusionson the outboard side and the inboard side.

These and other features and advantages of the present invention will bemore fully understood from the following description of one or moreembodiments of the invention, taken together with the accompanyingdrawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a top view of a conventional drive chain;

FIG. 2 is a side view of the conventional drive chain of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an isometric view of a combined drive chain and chainringaccording to the invention engaged by a drivetrain;

FIG. 4 is a side view of the chainring according to the invention;

FIG. 5 is a close up of the chainring of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a side view of a combined drive chain and chainring accordingto the invention engaged by a drive chain with the outer link platesremoved;

FIG. 7 is a front isometric view of the chainring according to theinvention;

FIG. 8 is a front isometric view of the chainring according to FIG. 7,engaged by a drive chain;

FIG. 9 is a rear isometric view of the chainring according to FIG. 7,engaged by a drive chain;

FIG. 10 is a front view of the chainring according to the invention;

FIG. 11 is a front view of the chainring according to the inventionengaged by a drive chain;

FIG. 12 is a cross sectional view through line B-B of FIG. 5 of one typeof gear tooth according to one group of teeth;

FIGS. 13-15 are cross sectional views through line A-A of FIG. 5 ofalternative types of gear teeth that are different than the tooth ofFIG. 12 and according to another group of teeth; and

FIG. 16 is a partial side view of the chainring according to theinvention with rollers of a chain engaged with the teeth of thechainring.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Preferred embodiments of the invention will herein be described withreference to the drawings. It will be understood that the drawings anddescriptions set out herein are provided for illustration only and donot limit the invention as defined by the claims appended hereto and anyand all their equivalents. For example, the terms “first” and “second”or “left” and “right” are used for the sake of clarity and not as termsof limitation.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2 of the drawings, numeral 10 generallyindicates a conventional roller drive chain for a bicycle or any similarchain-driven device. The drive chain 10 generally includes outer chainlinks 12 and inner chain links 14 which are pivotally mounted on andconnected to the outer chain links by pins 16, 18. The outer chain links12 are alternatingly interleaved with the inner chain links 14.

The outer chain links 12 have paired outer link plates 20 and the innerchain links have paired inner link plates 22. Typically, rollers 24 arearranged around the pins 16, 18. The plates 20, 22 are provided withholes 30 at their ends 32. The pins 16, 18 typically extend through andproject out of the holes 30, although no projection at all is consideredto be optimal. The pins 16, 18 are externally riveted at their ends 34,36 during the assembly of the roller chain 10. While the pin 16 may bemade of round stock, pin 18 may be made of tube stock, as in the rollerchain 10 in FIG. 2. A narrow middle part 38, which helps to determinethe positioning of the roller chain 10 extends between the two circularends 32 of each of the outer link plates 20 and the inner link plates22.

As seen best in FIG. 1, and as viewed from above (or below) the chain,the interleaving of the outer links 12 and inner links 14 createscorresponding alternating outer link spaces 40 and inner links spaces42. Generally, the outer link spaces 40 are openings defined by theouter link plates 20 and rollers 24. Generally, the inner link spaces 42are openings defined by the inner link plates 22 and rollers 24.

The inner link spaces 42 are generally rectangular with the long axis ofthe rectangle aligned with the long axis (A) of the chain 10 (as viewedas in FIG. 1). The axial length of the inner link spaces 42 isdetermined by the distance between the rollers 24, while the distancebetween the inner link plates 22 determines the transverse spacing ofthe inner link spaces.

As seen in FIG. 1, the outer link spaces 40 are generally in the shapeof a “cross” or in other words, a “plus.” The axial length of the outerlink spaces 40 is determined by the distance between the rollers 24,while the distance between the outer link plates 20 determines thetransverse spacing of the outer link spaces.

It can be seen that the transverse spacing between the outer link plates20 is greater than the spacing between the inner link plates 22. Thus,because the transverse width of the rollers 24 determines the spacing ofthe inner link plates 22, the rollers dictate the transverse spacing D1of the inner link spaces 42. Similarly, since the outer link plates 20are positioned on the pins 16 (or 18) on the outboard sides of the innerlink plates 22, the transverse spacing D2 of the outer link spaces 40 isdictated by the sum of the transverse width of the rollers 24 and thethickness of two inner link plates.

Referring to FIG. 3, a chainring 50 according to the invention is usedwith a conventional chain 10. Chainrings typically have a largeplurality of teeth compared to cassettes, for example, having about 20or more teeth. A crank or crank arm 48 is in a typical position andattached to the chain ring 50 in a well-known manner. The crank side ofthe chainring 50 is shown in FIG. 3, which is the outboard side 54 ofthe chainring. The outboard side also faces away from the vehicle towhich it is attached. The opposite of the outboard side 54 of thechainring 50 is the inboard side 56. The inboard side 56 faces towardthe vehicle.

Generally, force applied to the crank arm 48 (typically in a downwarddirection, for example) causes rotation of the chainring 50 in a likedirection (clockwise). Rotation of the chainring 50 causes the chain 10to be drawn over and advanced about the chainring.

The chainring 50 has a plurality of teeth 52 formed about the periphery51 of the chainring, with the total number of the plurality of teethconsisting of an even number. The plurality of teeth 52 include a firstgroup of teeth 58 and a second group of teeth 60 arranged in analternating fashion and wherein the first group of teeth is equal innumber to the second group of teeth. In a most general form, theinvention provides the first group of teeth 58, that is configured to bereceived by and fitted into the outer link spaces 40, and a second groupof teeth 60 that is configured to be received by and fitted into theinner link spaces 42.

The overall shape of the chainring periphery 51 may be generallycircular or non-circular, that is elliptical, oval, polygon, orparabolic, for example. All of the examples of chainrings providedherein are shown with a circular periphery 51.

Each of the first group of teeth 58 is configured to engage with thechain 10 via an outer link space 40. Each of the second group of teeth60 is configured to engage with the chain 10 via an inner link space 42.

Turning to FIG. 12, each of the second group of teeth 60 has a shapewhich in a cross sectional view is generally rectangular, particularlyat or near the base or root of the tooth. The cross sectional view istaken through a plane parallel to the top land 80 of the tooth andpassing through the base circle position of the tooth, i.e., abouthalfway between the root circle and the outside circle.

The rectangular cross section and overall width WO₁ of each of thesecond group of teeth 60 should closely match the configuration of eachof the inner link spaces 42 (FIG. 1). The cross section shown of each ofthe second group of teeth shows that the outboard side 54 is generallyplanar and the inboard side 56 is also generally planar. Each of thesecond group of teeth 60 may fill over about 75% of the axial distanceD₁ of a corresponding space in the chain 10. Preferably, each of thesecond group of teeth 60 may fill over about 80% of D₁ of acorresponding space in the chain 10. More preferably, each of the secondgroup of teeth 60 may fill over about 85% of D₁ of a corresponding spacein the chain 10.

Turning to FIG. 13-15, each of the alternative versions of teeth 58 a,58 b, 58 c of the first group of teeth 58 (see FIG. 3) has a shape whichin a cross sectional view, taken through the tooth as in FIG. 12, hasthe same longitudinal length L_(T) as that of the second group of teeth60 (FIG. 12). Each of the first group of teeth 58 may fill over about75% of the distance D₂ of a corresponding space in the chain 10.Preferably, each of the first group of teeth 58 may fill over about 80%of D₂ of a corresponding space in the chain 10. More preferably, each ofthe first group of teeth 58 may fill over about 85% of D₂ of acorresponding space in the chain 10.

Each of the first group of teeth 58 has the additional feature of anoutboard or first protrusion 62 on the outboard side 54 of eachalternative teeth 58 a, 58 b, and 58 c. FIG. 13 also demonstrates thatthe inboard side 56 of tooth 58 a can be the same (i.e., without aprotrusion) as the inboard side 56 of each of the second group of teeth60. The first protrusion 62 is configured to fit into the correspondingpart of outer link spaces 40 of chain 10 (FIG. 1) and has a width W₁.The protrusion 62 functions to help maintain the chain 10 on thechainring 50 (FIG. 3). The protrusion 62 causes an overall width WO₂ ofeach of teeth 58 a to be greater than the overall width WO₁ of each ofteeth 60 by the extent of protrusion 62.

FIG. 14 is another embodiment of a tooth 58b of the first group of teeth58. In particular, tooth 58b is similar to those of FIG. 13, with theadditional feature of an inboard or second protrusion 64 on the inboardside 56 of the tooth. The protrusion 64 has a width W₂ that is less thanthe width W₁ of the protrusion 62 of tooth 58 a, or alternatively,greater than W₁. The protrusions 62, 64 cause an overall width WO₃ ofeach of teeth 58 b to be greater than the overall width WO_(E) of eachof teeth 60 by the extent of protrusions 62, 64. Furthermore, WO₃ isgreater than WO₂.

FIG. 15 is yet another embodiment of a tooth 58c of the first group ofteeth 58. In particular, tooth 58 c is similar to that of FIG. 14, withan inboard or second protrusion 66 on the inboard side 56 of the tooth.The protrusion 66 has a width W₁ that is equal to the width W₁ of theprotrusion 62 of tooth 58 a. The protrusions 62, 66 cause an overallwidth WO₄ of each of teeth 58 c to be greater than the overall widthWO_(E) of each of teeth 60 by the extent of protrusions 62, 66.Furthermore, WO₄ is greater than WO₃.

It will be understood that the various configurations of the teeth 58include protrusions that are positioned along the side or sides of eachtooth in a position where they effectively function to assist inpositioning the chain on the chainring 50, including positions that areadjacent or at the base of each tooth or higher on each tooth 58.

FIG. 4 and FIG. 6 is an outboard side 54 of chainring 50 and the drivingdirection DD. The first group of teeth 58 is alternatingly arranged withthe second group of teeth 60.

The configuration of the second group of teeth 60 may be defined, withrespect to the outboard and inboard sides 54, 56 of each of the teeth60, by forming an inner link receiving recess 72 in the chainring 50that represents material removed from the sides of the teeth 60. Theinner link receiving recess 72 also serves to define the cross-sectionalshape of each of the group of teeth 58. The inner link receiving recess72 defines the outboard and inboard sides 54, 56 of each tooth andextends from the front flank 68 of one of the group of teeth 58 to arear flank 70 of an adjacent one of the group of teeth 58 in the drivedirection DD. Each inner link receiving recess 72 is configured toreceive the length L_(P) an inner link plate 22 of the chain (FIG. 6).Each recess 72 has a base surface 72 a that extends in an axialdirection and a wall 72 b (FIG. 7) that extends radially. The basesurface 72 a may describe a smoothly curving contour, and may begenerally in the shape of a “U”.

FIG. 5 is the profile of each tooth of the teeth 58, 60 in more detail.The inner link receiving recess 72 is formed in the chainring 50 and canbe seen extending along the side of each of the second group tooth 60and extending from the load side, front or leading flank 68 of one ofthe group of teeth 58 to a rear flank 70 of an adjacent one of the groupof teeth 58 in the drive direction DD. The recess 72 is configured toreceive the length L_(P) (FIG. 6) of an inner link plate 22. Each toothmay have a top land 80. The base surface 72 a may extend to the top land80 of each of the teeth 58. The front flank 68 of each tooth includes acontact zone 74, where a roller 24 (FIG. 1) contacts the tooth.

Above the contact zone 74 is an optional tip portion 76. The roller 24does not contact the tip portion 76 under normal driving conditions. Thetip portion 76 may protrude forwardly from a line drawn along thecontact zone 74 a distance T. The protruding tip portion 76 functions toengage a chain link earlier than a chain lacking the tip portion andprovides better guiding of the chain.

An optional hook feature 78 is a feature that may be formed on the rearflank 70 of each of teeth 58, 60. The hook feature 78 is positionedalong the rear flank 70 and may cooperate with the tip portion 76 toprovide better guiding of the chain. The hook feature 78 may include aportion of the rear flank 70 being aligned in the radial direction R.

Turning to FIG. 7 the first group of teeth 58 and the second group ofteeth 60 of the chainring 50 are arranged in an alternating fashion. Anoptional feature of each of the first group of teeth 58 and second groupof teeth 60 is a respective outer chamfer 82 a, 82 b. Each of the firstgroup of teeth 58 has an outer chamfer 82 a, which may be an arcuateface formed on the outboard side 54 or shoulder of each tooth. Each ofthe second group of teeth 60 has an outer chamfer 82 b, which may be anarcuate face formed on the outboard side 54 or shoulder of each tooth.The outer chamfer of 82 b of each tooth 60 may have an extent C₁ that isgreater relative to the extent C₂ of the outer chamfer 82 a of eachtooth 58.

Turning to FIGS. 8 and 9 the chainring 50 includes chain 10 positionedand engaged thereon. Outer chain links 12 are positioned on the firstgroup of teeth 58. Inner chain links 14 are positioned on the secondgroup of teeth 60.

FIGS. 10 and 11 respectively is a front view of the chainring 50 withouta chain 10 and with a chain. An optional feature of all of the teeth 58,60 of the chainring 50 is an offset OS of the center of the tooth tip ortop land 80 from the center line CL in a direction toward the inboardside 56 of the chainring. This offset feature provides better guiding ofthe chain to one side of the chainring.

Turning to FIG. 16, a chainring 50 includes a number of teeth 58, 60.Link 1 of a chain engaged on the chainring 50 is represented by line L₁,and link 2 and link 3 are represented by lines L₂, L₃ respectively. Theline of each of L₁₋₃ is drawn between the centers of the axis of each ofthe chain rollers 24.

The hook feature 78 is shown on the rear flank 70 of each of teeth 58,60. The hook feature 78 is positioned along the rear flank 70 and maycooperate with the tip portion 76 of the front flank 68 to providebetter guiding of the chain. The hook feature 78 may include a portionof the rear flank 70 being aligned in the radial direction R. The hookfeature 78 has a radially outermost extent 78 a where the hook featureand the link centerlines L₁₋₃ intersect. Alternately, the outermostextent 78 a may be higher than the centerlines L₁₋₃, providing more roomfor the roller to engage the teeth in the driving direction. The curvedline 90 is the path of the roller 24 when it disengages the tooth.

In use, the chain 10 is installed with each of the outer chain links 12on one of the first group of teeth 58 and each of the inner chain links14 on one of the second group of teeth 60. As the chainring 50 isrotated by the crank 48, the chain 10 is drawn about the chainring, andthe outer chain links 12 and the inner chain links 14 are sequentiallyengaged with respective first and second ones of the groups of teeth 58,60. As detailed above, the various features of the chainring 50 functionto guide and maintain the chain 10 thereon.

While this invention has been described by reference to particularembodiments, it should be understood that numerous changes could be madewithin the spirit and scope of the inventive concepts described.Accordingly, it is intended that the invention not be limited to thedisclosed embodiments, but that it have the full scope permitted by thelanguage of the following claims.

1. A solitary chainring of a bicycle front crankset for engaging a drivechain, comprising: a plurality of teeth formed about a periphery of thechainring, the plurality of teeth consisting of an even number; theplurality of teeth including a first group of teeth and a second groupof teeth arranged alternatingly between the first group of teeth;wherein the first group of teeth and the second group of teeth are equalin number; each of the first and second group of teeth comprising anoutboard side and an inboard side opposite the outboard side; whereineach tooth of the first group of teeth comprises at least a firstprotrusion on the outboard side thereof and each tooth of the secondgroup of teeth are free of the first protrusions on the outboard sideand the inboard side.
 2. The solitary chainring of claim 1, wherein thedrive chain is a roller drive chain including alternating outer andinner chain links defining outer and inner link spaces, respectively,and wherein each of the first group of teeth is sized and shaped to fitwithin one of the outer link spaces and each of the second group ofteeth is sized and shaped to fit within one of the inner link spaces. 3.The solitary chainring of claim 2, wherein each of the first group ofteeth is wider than the inner link spaces.
 4. The chainring of claim 2,wherein the first protrusions fit within the outer link spaces.
 5. Thesolitary chainring of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of teeth issized and shaped to drivingly engage the drive chain.
 6. The solitarychainring of claim 1, wherein one of the inboard and outboard sides ofeach of the second group of teeth includes a link-receiving recess. 7.The solitary chainring of claim 1, wherein each of the first group ofteeth has a cross-shaped cross section adjacent a base thereof.
 8. Thesolitary chainring of claim 1, wherein each of the first protrusions isformed as a single-piece construction with a respective one of the firstteeth.
 9. A solitary chainring of a bicycle front crankset for engaginga drive chain, the drive chain including alternating outer and innerlinks, the chainring comprising: a plurality of teeth formed about aperiphery of the chainring, the plurality of teeth consisting of an evennumber; the plurality of teeth including a first group of teeth and asecond group of teeth arranged alternatingly between the first group ofteeth; wherein the first group of teeth and the second group of teethare equal in number; each of the first and second group of teethcomprising an outboard side and an inboard side opposite the outboardside; wherein each of the outboard side and the inboard side of each ofthe second group of teeth defines a recess formed in the chainring alongeach of the second group of teeth.
 10. The solitary chainring of claim9, wherein the drive chain is a roller drive chain with the alternatingouter and inner links defining outer and inner link spaces,respectively, and wherein each of the first group of teeth is sized andshaped to fit within one of the outer link spaces and each of the secondgroup of teeth is sized and shaped to fit within one of the inner linkspaces.
 11. The solitary chainring of claim 10, wherein each of thefirst group of teeth is wider than the inner link spaces.
 12. Thesolitary chainring of claim 9, wherein each of the plurality of teeth issized and shaped to drivingly engage the drive chain.
 13. The solitarychainring of claim 9, wherein the recess is a link-receiving recess. 14.The solitary chainring of claim 9, wherein each of the first group ofteeth has a cross-shaped cross section adjacent a base thereof.
 15. Thesolitary chainring of claim 9, wherein each tooth of the first group ofteeth comprises at least a first protrusion wherein each of the firstprotrusions is formed as a single-piece construction with a respectiveone of the first group of teeth.
 16. The chainring of claim 15, whereinthe first protrusions fit within the outer link spaces.
 17. A bicyclechainring of a bicycle crankset for engagement with a drive chain,comprising: a plurality of teeth formed about a periphery of thechainring; the plurality of teeth including a first group of teeth and asecond group of teeth, each of the first group of teeth wider than eachof the second group of teeth; and at least some of the second group ofteeth arranged alternatingly and adjacently between the first group ofteeth.
 18. The solitary chainring of claim 17, wherein the drive chainis a roller drive chain including alternating outer and inner chainlinks defining outer and inner link spaces, respectively, and whereineach of the first group of teeth is sized and shaped to fit within oneof the outer link spaces and each of the second group of teeth is sizedand shaped to fit within one of the inner link spaces.
 19. The solitarychainring of claim 17, wherein each of the plurality of teeth is sizedand shaped to drivingly engage the drive chain.
 20. The solitarychainring of claim 17, wherein each of the plurality of teeth includesan outboard side and an inboard side opposite the outboard side and oneof the inboard and outboard sides of each of the second group of teethinclude a link-receiving recess.
 21. The solitary chainring of claim 17,wherein each of the first group of teeth has a cross-shaped crosssection adjacent a base thereof.
 22. The solitary chainring of claim 17,wherein each tooth of the first group of teeth comprises at least afirst protrusion wherein each of the first protrusions is formed as asingle-piece construction with a respective one of the first group ofteeth.
 23. The chainring of claim 22, wherein the first protrusions fitwithin the outer link spaces.
 24. A bicycle chainring, for engagementwith a roller drive chain having alternating outer and inner chain linksdefining outer and inner link spaces, respectively, the chainringcomprising: a plurality of teeth formed about a periphery of thechainring, the plurality of teeth including a pair of first teeth spacedapart by an adjoining second tooth to form an arrangement thereof,wherein the first teeth fit within the outer link spaces and the secondtooth fits within the inner link spaces, and wherein the first teeth arewider than the inner link spaces.
 25. The solitary chainring of claim24, wherein each of the plurality of teeth is sized and shaped todrivingly engage the drive chain.
 26. The solitary chainring of claim24, each of the plurality of teeth include an outboard side and aninboard side opposite the outboard side and one of the inboard andoutboard sides of the second tooth includes a link-receiving recess. 27.The solitary chainring of claim 24, wherein each of the first pair ofteeth has a cross-shaped cross section adjacent a base thereof.
 28. Thesolitary chainring of claim 24, wherein each of the first pair of teethis wider than the inner link spaces.
 29. The solitary chainring of claim24, wherein each tooth of the first pair of teeth comprises at least afirst protrusion wherein each of the first protrusions is formed as asingle-piece construction with a respective one of the first pair ofteeth.
 30. The chainring of claim 29, wherein the first protrusions fitwithin the outer link spaces.